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The highest detection speed among fire detection systems is achieved by Very Early Smoke Detection Apparatus (VESDA). This system is designed to detect smoke at extremely low levels, often before a visible flame occurs. VESDA operates by constantly sampling the air through a network of pipes and using advanced laser detection technology to identify the presence of smoke particles. This allows it to respond to potential fire incidents much more quickly than traditional systems.

In contrast, other systems like sprinklers activate only after a certain level of heat is detected, which can lead to delays in detecting a fire's presence. Photoelectric detectors respond well to smoldering fires but can still take longer to sense smoke compared to VESDA's proactive sampling technique. Ionization detectors are effective for flaming fires but can be slower in detecting smoke from smoldering fires. Therefore, VESDA's capability for early detection makes it superior in speed among fire detection systems.