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A Power Distribution Unit (PDU) serves the essential function of distributing electrical power to various IT equipment within a data center. It facilitates the efficient and reliable delivery of power from the main electrical supply to servers, storage devices, and networking equipment. This function is crucial as data centers house multiple devices that require a stable and adequate power supply to operate effectively.

The PDU typically includes multiple outlets that allow for the connection of numerous devices. It may also feature advanced functionalities such as monitoring power usage, providing surge protection, and isolating faulty equipment to prevent impacts on the overall system.

Other functions identified in the question, like providing cooling to server racks, monitoring network traffic, and enhancing data security, are typically managed by different systems or devices. Cooling systems, such as air conditioning units or liquid cooling solutions, are specifically designed to control temperature and humidity within the facility. Network monitoring is handled by specialized network devices and software, while data security is maintained through various security measures and protocols, separate from power distribution.